Городская среда современной России
как предмет исследований урбанистической
антропологии

Резникова Ксения Вячеславовна

Сибирский федеральный университет

Аннотация

Философские, культурологические и социологические исследования городской среды России – от-
носительно молодые направления в отечественной гуманитарной науке; до 1991 г. исследования город-
ской среды проводились в рамках градостроительных изысканий. В 1990-е гг. появляются социологиче-
ское и культурологическое изучение городской среды, в XXI в. исследований такого рода становится все
больше, при этом наблюдается интерес преимущественно к актуальному состоянию городской среды,
лишь в отдельных исследованиях акцентируется внимание на советском или дореволюционном прошлом.
В качестве основных методов исследования городской среды России могут быть названы включенное
наблюдение, картографирование (с помощью ГИС), интервьюирование и анкетирование. В центре иссле-
довательских интересов оказываются не только и не столько столичные города, но региональное центры,
а также провинциальные мелкие города. Важными оказываются локальные, даже «нефасадные» про-
блемы городской среды; при этом интерес представляют не только сугубо вещественные составляющие
городской среды, но и более неуловимые – эмоции, восприятие горожанами своего места проживания,
аудиальная составляющая города и др. Также в современных исследованиях городской среды России
ощущается превалирование описания и анализа частных случаев над теоретическими обобщениями, что
свидетельствует о бурном развитии данного направления.

Ключевые слова: урбанистическая антропология, философия города, городская среда; включенное
наблюдение; картографирование; районирование; микроурбанизм.

https://doi.org/10.31804/2542-1816-2018-2-3-46-62

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных иссле-
дований, Правительства Красноярского края, Красноярского краевого фонда науки в рамках научного
проекта: «Трансформация городской среды Красноярска в 1991-2017 гг.»

Urban environment of modern Russia
as a subject of urban anthropology
research

Reznikova Kseniya Vyacheslavovna,
Siberian Federal University

​

Abstract
Philosophical, cultural and sociological studies of the Russian urban environment are relatively young trends
of the domestic humanitarian science. Urban environment research was carried out within the framework of
urban planning until 1991. Sociological and cultural studies of the urban environment started in the 1990s. Such
researches are becoming more and more in the 21st century. Research interests of these works are connected
mainly with actual state of the urban environment; only some studies is focused on the Soviet or Pre-revolutionary
periods. Field research mapping (using GIS), interviewing and questioning can be called as the main methods of
the Russian urban environment researches. Not only and not so much metropolitan cities, but regional centres,
as well as provincial small towns are of research interests. Local, even «non-facade» problems of the urban
environment are important. Not only material components of the urban environment, but also the more elusive –
the emotions, the perception by the townspeople of their residence place, the audial component of the city, etc. –
prove to be important. Moreover, the prevalence of description and analysis of particular cases over theoretical
generalizations is noted in modern studies of the Russian urban environment; it indicates a rapid development of
this direction.
Key words: urban anthropology, philosophy of city, urban environment; field research; mapping;
regionalization; microurbanism.

The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Government of Krasnoyarsk
Territory, Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science to the research project: «Transformation of urban environment of
Krasnoyarsk in 1991-2017».

​

​

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